The invention discloses a three-phase electric energy meter field detection device and detection method. The three-phase electric energy meter field detection device comprises a three-phase full-electronic programmable power supply, a measuring module and a control computer; the control computer and the three-phase full-electronic programmable power supply are in communication; the three-phase full-electronic programmable power supply and the measuring module are in communication; the measuring module is electrically connected with a detected electric energy meter; the measuring module, the control computer and the three-phase full-electronic programmable power supply are electrically connected with the detected electric energy meter; the three-phase full-electronic programmable power supply is used for outputting voltage and current in any angle and any amplitude and providing virtual load for electric energy; the measuring module overlays load to field load according to load required for three-phase full-electronic programmable power supply according to the size of the field load. The three-phase electric energy meter field detection device is small and exquisite, convenient to carry and simple in operation and directly achieves detection of the electric energy meter after the detected electric energy meter is installed on a meter hanging frame.