The invention provides a network structure simplification processing method for power distribution network reconstruction specific to the problems of complex power distribution network structure, long result solving time during reconstruction and low power flow calculation speed. A network structure is simplified into a simplified topological structure consisting of a plurality of areas by taking an operable switch in the network structure as a boundary according to the characteristics of the network structure during power distribution network reconstruction, so that a topological reconstruction strategy is generated rapidly under the condition of meeting radial network topological constraint, and the power flow simplification calculation is performed once the topological reconstruction strategy is generated; the calculation speed is increased through a power flow simplification model, an optimal network structure is obtained rapidly, and real-time optimization control of a power distribution network is ensured.