The invention discloses a pulse modulation drive circuit of a miniature semiconductor laser. The pulse modulation drive circuit comprises an external power supply interface circuit, a pulse generating circuit, a pulse shaping circuit, a high-speed pulse amplifier circuit, and a laser driver main power generation circuit. When the provided pulse modulation drive circuit is applied to the semiconductor laser, the power consumption and heating value of the semiconductor laser can be reduced; and the circuit has a small size and is suitable for a hand-held semiconductor laser with the small physical space. Meanwhile, the circuit has characteristics of simple structure, reliable performance, fast pulse response, high pulse output power, and high anti-interference performance.