A rectangular open magnetic field type electromagnetic vibration table magnetic circuit structure symmetrically excited by four magnetic circuits relates to the technical field of vibration measurement. A rectangular open magnetic field structure design is put forward. Four permanent magnets are symmetrically installed at the two ends of two outer yokes, and the same magnetic poles are arranged oppositely. Four symmetrical closed magnetic circuits are formed through the yokes. High-uniformity magnetic induction intensity distribution is generated in air gaps. After powered on, a working coil generates precision-controllable electromagnetic driving force in a magnetic field under the action of Lorentz force. The surfaces of yokes adjacent to the air gaps are respectively provided with a deep trench type array microstructure which can effectively inhibit eddy current loss. According to the invention, the characteristics of large stroke, high magnetic field uniformity, big thrust and linear electromagnetic driving force are all taken into consideration. The shortcomings of the existing technical scheme can be solved effectively. A high-precision and large-stroke electromagnetic vibration table magnetic circuit structure technical scheme is provided for low-frequency and ultralow-frequency vibration calibration.