The invention provides an environment-friendly and simple preparation method for a hyaluronic acid-chitosan microsphere carrying an epidermal growth factor. The hyaluronic acid-chitosan microsphere is prepared via ionic polymerization, centrifugation, purification, and freeze-drying under the protection of a protective agent. The hyaluronic acid-chitosan microsphere carrying the epidermal growth factor can be used for preparing pharmaceutical preparations (including a gel, a film agent, a powder agent, an ointment, and the like) for treating burn and scald wounds. According to the hyaluronic acid-chitosan microsphere carrying the epidermal growth factor and the pharmaceutical preparations of the hyaluronic acid-chitosan microsphere, sustained release of the epidermal growth factor on the burn and scald wounds is realized; wound cell proliferation is promoted; and functions, of protecting burn and scald tissues and promoting wound healing, of sodium hyaluronate and chitosan are developed. The hyaluronic acid-chitosan microsphere can provide a support for wound cell proliferation, and an excellent medicine for treating burn and scald wounds is obtained.