The invention relates to a processing of a thermal insulation tile, and specifically relates to a precise processing method of a ceramic fiber rigid thermal insulation tile for an aerospace plane. The method substantially comprises the steps of centering a four-axis rotary table, mounting and centering a four-claw chuck, defining a four-axis rotation center and a height, setting cutter tools, adjusting digital-analog and generating a program, splicing and clamping the thermal insulation tile, rough processing, semi-fine processing, fine processing, processing splicing surfaces, and the like. The method well solves the problems that the cutter tools are badly abraded, the drilled holes are layered and deformed, or the like, in the processing process; the processing precision is greatly increased comparing to the prior art, and the processing precision can be 0.01mm or even higher; and the processing efficiency is essentially promoted; accordingly the manpower resource is saved, the rate of finished products is higher, and unnecessary loses are avoided.