Disclosed are an unmanned plane communication device based on switching wave beams in a high voltage transmission line-erected area and a method for communicating with an unmanned plane, which belong to the field of communication. The problem that when an omnidirectional antenna is used in a ground communication device in the high voltage transmission line-erected area, communication distance of an inspection-tour unmanned plane is limited due to a low antenna gain is overcome. According to the invention, a low-gain wide-beam antenna and a high-gain narrow-beam antenna are connected to a first wireless communication receiver and a second wireless communication receiver, respectively, wherein the signal output terminal of the first wireless communication receiver and the signal output terminal of the second wireless communication receiver are connected to a signal input terminal of a signal-intensity detecting unit and a signal input terminal of an antenna switching unit at the same time. A control-signal input terminal of a switching control circuit is connected to the control-signal input terminal of the antenna switching unit. Both of the low-gain wide-beam antenna and the high-gain narrow-beam antenna are used for communicating with the unmanned plane in the high voltage transmission line-erected area. The unmanned plane communication device and the method for communicating with the unmanned plane are used for devices in the high voltage transmission line-erected area and for unmanned communication.