The present invention belongs to the technical field of biological medicine, in particular to a manufacturing method of traditional Chinese medicines or medicined diets based on 3D printing, which includes the following steps: step one, powdered, granular or liquid Chinese herbal medicine raw materials with high purity are prepared and obtained, and the sealed vacuum packaged Chinese herbal medicine raw materials are transported to major hospitals; step two, doctors conduct diagnosis for patients, write prescriptions based on the diagnostic results, and transfer the prescriptions or medicined diet conditioning lists to a 3D printing room; step three, staffs in the 3D printing room receive the prescriptions or medicated conditioning lists, mix the Chinese herbal medicine raw materials, and transport to a 3D printer; step four, corresponding pill models of the 3D printer are modulated, printing codes are generated, and the printing is prepared; and step five, the 3D printer prints traditional Chinese medicine pills according to the generated printing code produced in step four. The manufacturing method can reduce the packaging, warehousing and transportation costs of production places; medicine pills can be printed in a variety of personalized shapes, are especially suitable for children to take, and reduce medicine boiling time and problems of children taking traditional Chinese medicine soups.