The invention provides a prefabricated steel joint concrete slab-column structure and a hoisting method thereof. The prefabricated steel joint concrete slab-column structure comprises a concrete slab, concrete piles, energy dissipation support units and a plurality of deformation energy dissipation devices, wherein the bottom end of any one of the concrete piles is fixed on the ground foundation or the top end of the next concrete pile, the bottom end of any one of the concrete piles is fixed on the ground foundation or the concrete slab and arranged between every two adjacent concrete piles, and deformation joints are formed between the concrete slab at the top end and any one adjacent concrete pile; the deformation energy dissipation devices are arranged in the deformation joints and at two vertex angles of any one of the energy dissipation support unit. The steelwork joints are arranged at the joint of the concrete piles and the ground foundation or the concrete slab. Prefabrication efficiency is improved, anti-seismic function is realized, construction procedures are simplified, and construction cost is reduced.