The invention discloses a numerical simulation method based on foamed gel. The method comprises: building a mathematical model in a three-phase and nine-component form; solving a water-phase pressure equation, an oil-phase pressure equation and a gas-phase pressure equation; calculating a gas-phase flow rate and foamed gel liquid film tension; comparing the size of the gas-phase flow rate with the size of a critical flow rate, and performing a foam formation reaction when the comparing result is that the gas-phase flow rate is greater than the critical flow rate; comparing the size of the foamed gel liquid film tension with the size of a critical pressure, and performing a foam bursting reaction when the comparing result is that the foamed gel liquid film tension is greater than the critical pressure; solving the concentration of each component and the viscosity of each component; and amending the viscosity of the foamed gel and the viscosity of ordinary foam, and amending a gas and oil relative permeability curve. According to the method, the mathematical model for profile controlling and flooding analysis is established on the basis of the introduction of the foamed gel, the numerical simulation method for effectively representing foamed gel profile controlling and flooding is provided, and an effective means of numerical simulation is provided for further improving the oil recovery of an oil deposit.