The invention discloses an application of lauric acid modified SOD on labor protection of the dye industry and the printing and dyeing industry. A preparation method of the lauric acid modified SOD comprises the following steps that (1) activated lauric acid modifiers are compounded, wherein lauric acid and thionyl chloride are subjected to reaction at 50-140 DEG C, stable returning is performed after at least 80% of lauric acid is converted, and then cut fractions at 124-127 DEG C are collected through reduced pressure distillation, namely the activated lauric acid modifiers; and (2), the lauric acid modified SOD is prepared, wherein ox blood SOD is dissolved in a buffer solution to form an SOD solution, the activated lauric acid modifiers are added into the solution, the mixture is stirred and reacts at 30-50 DEG C and then is quenched to stop reaction, and the lauric acid modified SOD product is obtained. The prepared lauric acid modified SOD has the advantages of easily permeating through the skin and cell membranes compared with natural SOD, being long in activity preservation time and good in heat resistance when stored at normal temperature, being non-toxic and the like. The lauric acid modified SOD is suitable for being applied on labor protection and prevention of occupational dermatosis of staff in the dye industry and the printing and dyeing industry.