The invention relates to a lightning current parameter detection apparatus. The lightning current parameter detection apparatus includes measuring coils, a voltage adjusting module, a data acquisition card, an optical fiber module and a computer which are connected in series with one another sequentially; the measuring coil comprises a plurality of parallel coils with different measuring ranges; the coil comprises a linear frame; the linear frame is uniformly wound with enameled wires, so that a hollow sing-layer linear coil can be formed; the measuring coils are connected with the voltage adjusting module and the data acquisition card through a cable; and the data acquisition card transmits signals to the computer through using an optical fiber and by means of the optical fiber module. According to the lightning current parameter detection apparatus, lightning current can be positioned through using a time-difference method and by means of the plurality of measuring coils located at different positions, and therefore, cloud-to-ground lightning density of a small area can be determined, and the comprehensiveness of measurement can be improved.