The invention relates to a virtual synchronous inversion control based energy storage system which comprises a battery, a DC/DC converter, a DC/AC converter, a transformer, an AC power grid, a first controller and a second controller. According to the energy storage system, a virtual synchronous motor control technology is adopted, so that external characteristics of an AC interface of an energy storage apparatus with a power electronic system can be equivalent to characteristics of a synchronous motor, inertial and damping characteristics of a power electronic energy storage system are improved, and the stability of a power system is enhanced.