The invention discloses a device for testing a crawler type all-hydraulic tunnel drilling rig under a non-mine environment. The device comprises a support frame, a tool drill rod, a middle transition frame and a lifting support. The support frame, the middle transition frame and the lifting support are sequentially connected along the horizontal direction, one end of the tool drill rod is mounted on a tunnel drilling rig feeding mechanism, the other end of the tool drill rod is connected with a connecting piece, and the connecting piece is connected with a steel wire rope; the steel wire rope is sequentially wound on multiple guide pulleys mounted on the middle transition frame and the lifting support prior to drooping from the lifting support to be connected with a clump weight, a speed and displacement testing mechanism is mounted on a crossbeam on the upper portion of the lifting support, and a probe of the speed and displacement testing mechanism is connected to the clump weight. The invention further discloses a method for testing the crawler type all-hydraulic tunnel drilling rig under the non-mine environment. The device is simple in structure and reliable in operation; the method is convenient to implement and high in accuracy.