The invention discloses an automatic temperature compensation-type optical voltage measuring device based on a circular electric field coupling structure. A high voltage-side primary wire and a semi-metallic ring form a high voltage-side capacitor; the semi-metallic ring is placed in a metal shielding cover; the metal shielding cover is filled with a SF6 insulated gas; the high voltage-side capacitor and a low voltage-side voltage dividing capacitor are connected in series; the tail end of the low voltage-side voltage dividing capacitor is connected with a grounding device; two ends of the low voltage-side voltage dividing capacitor are parallelly connected onto an optical voltage sensing head; and an ASE light source is respectively connected with an optical voltage sensing light path and a reference light path via two optical fibers. According to the automatic temperature compensation-type optical voltage measuring device based on the circular electric field coupling structure, sensitivity is high and linearity is good while high voltage is measured; and in real-time voltage measurement, influences of factors such as temperature change can be eliminated automatically, and the measurement result is more accurate.