The invention discloses a health management method based on big data. According to an embodiment of the invention, an online health management plan transmitted by a server is obtained via an intelligent terminal for a user to view and execute; in a preset period, a data acquisition terminal acquires information on physical signs of the user based on acquisition rules, and transmits the information on the physical signs to the intelligent terminal; the intelligent terminal obtains feedback information inputted by the user after the execution of the online health management plan; and the server adjusts the online health management plan based on the information on the physical signals and the feedback information so as to achieve closed-loop management of health conditions of the user. The invention further discloses a health management system based on big data. The online health management plan can be adjusted in time according to actual executive conditions of a patient, the closed-loop management of the health conditions of the user is achieved and the health management effects are better.