The invention relates to the technical field of information, and discloses a data query method, a management control node and a target data node. According to the technical scheme, during the data query, a first-stage data node is firstly determined; then, the target data node is determined from all second-stage data nodes managed by the first-stage data node; and next, the data is queried in the target data node. In the prior art, the data is stored in the first-stage data node. In the embodiment of the invention, the data is distributed and stored in all of the second-stage data nodes managed by the first-stage data node. Therefore during the data query in the target data node, the time consumed by data query is reduced, and the query efficiency is improved.