The invention relates to a supporting structure for a disturbance-rejection self-balance water lubrication thrust bearing. The supporting structure is composed of a limiting structure, a supporting structure body, a self-balance structure, a servo structure and a runner structure. The self-balance function is additionally achieved, wherein a balance ring has two characteristics including uniform loading and structural continuity, wherein when a large difference value exists between thrust tile loads, the height of thrust tiles can be automatically adjusted, the load fluctuation amplitude of the thrust tiles is limited to be within +/-10%, and running stability of the water lubrication thrust bearing is improved; and a balance ring is a vertical balance ring and is wholly continuous, and the reliability of the water lubrication thrust bearing is improved. According to the structure, when a thrust disc axially moves, it is ensured that the thrust tiles and the thrust disc are kept in contact all the time, the dynamic loads caused when a thrust disc is in contact with thrust tiles of a traditional water lubrication bearing are avoided, and the impact to tile surface materials is reduced. The supporting structure is suitable for water lubricating thrust bearings of third-generation nuclear power high-power main pump shielding motors, and can be widely applied to the fields of nuclear power, national defense, chemical industry, ship power and the like.