The invention discloses a method for exactly characterizing and evaluating sweet aroma characteristics in cigarette aroma. Aroma substance quantitative data are acquired through an HS-GC-MS/MS detecting method, and a cigarette sweet aroma note index T is obtained by calculating and establishing a threshold value of a corresponding aroma substance. The method is easy and convenient to operate, not easily disturbed by impurities, and accurate in detecting results. The selectivity and the sensitivity of GC-MS/MS are higher than those of GC-MS; the problems that the sensitivity of the GC-MS is low, the resolution is insufficient, the selectivity is low, false positive results are easily generated, and enough qualitative/quantitative information cannot be given and the like are avoided. According to the method, the sweet aroma characteristics of a cigarette are described and expressed correspondingly from the perspective of material basis; the subjectivity of sensory evaluation is avoided; the sweet aroma style of a cigarette product is characterized and evaluated objectively and comprehensively.