The present invention provides an ABS composite material for fused deposition modeling, which comprises the following raw materials in weight percentage: 30-45% of ABS for the mass polymerization method/30-45% of ABS for the emulsion method, 2-8% of stryenemaleic anhydride copolymer, 1-10% of graphene nanoplatelets, 0.5-5% of multiwalled carbon nanotubes and 20-40% of polymethyl methacrylate. An ABS composite substrate made of the ABS composite material and in bimodal distribution is formed through mixing ABS particles of different particle sizes, and the materials are good in compatibility. The interlayer bonding performance of the ABS composite material is good. The ABS composite material is post-processed by the acetone steam, thus being kept good in original dimensional accuracy. Meanwhile, the blending quality of conductive agents is low, and both the mechanical properties and the electrical conductivity of the material are better improved.