The invention relates to an anti-impact heat conduction material and a preparation method thereof. The anti-impact heat conduction material is composed of, by weight, 100 parts of polystyrene, 20-50 parts of polyethylene, 10-25 parts of heat conduction fibers, 5-10 parts of heat conduction crystal whiskers, 4-15 parts of compatilizer, 0-12 parts of polyvinyl butyral and 1-5 parts of antioxygen. According to the anti-impact heat conduction material and the preparation method thereof, the polyethylene is used for toughening the polystyrene, and meanwhile the heat conduction fibers and the heat conduction crystal whiskers are used for modifying the composite material system; the compatilizer in the composite material system can improve the compatibility of the polystyrene and the polyethylene and meanwhile improve the compatibility of the heat conduction fibers, the heat conduction crystal whiskers and the composite material system, and the impact resistance and the heat conduction property of the composite material are greatly improved by adding the polyethylene, the heat conduction fibers and the heat conduction crystal whiskers.