The invention discloses a rusted-coating nanometer composite zinc-containing anticorrosive coating for a steel structure. The coating comprises a component A and a component B, wherein the component A comprises, by weight, 12-20 parts of epoxy resin, 1-10 parts of a nanometer composite antirust component, 42-53 parts of reduction zinc powder, 2-5 parts of butyl ether, 10-20 parts of xylene, 2-5 parts of butanol, 2-4 parts of organic bentonite, 5-10 parts of mica powder and 1.5-3 parts of a flexibilizer; and the component B comprises, by weight, 40-55 parts of a polyamide curing agent, 20-40 parts of xylene and 10-20 parts of butanol. The component A and the component B are mixed according to required proportions, and are uniformly stirred to prepare the nanometer composite zinc-containing anticorrosive coating. The coating can effectively reduce dust and water pollution generated in tedious pretreatment technologies and treatment processes, is simple to construct, has no influences on the anode protection effect of zinc in a zinc-rich priming paint, and has an excellent integral protection effect.