The invention discloses a power transmission iron tower pole element stress calculation method capable of realizing complicated work condition analysis. The method comprises the following steps of: firstly, building a finite element mechanical model of an iron tower structure by a finite element method, and performing integral structure discretization according to the iron tower structure composition; then, generating a unit rigid matrix on each unit, combining the space angle relationship and the connecting relationship between every two pole elements in the iron tower structure, and generating an integral rigid matrix through overlapping; next, generating a load array according to a load received by the iron tower, and using a node displacement array as an unknown quantity to form a matrix equation with the integral rigid matrix and the load array; and finally, obtaining the node strain through solving the matrix equation to finally obtain the stress of each pole element in the iron tower structure. The method has the advantages that the power transmission iron tower pole element stress is directly and precisely solved by a mathematical method, and the scientific basis can be provided for the safety evaluation of the iron tower structure.