The invention relates to a radiation breeding and selecting method for a tea tree. The radiation breeding and selecting method comprises the following steps: carrying out radiation treatment on hybrid seeds of the tea tree by adopting <60>Co-gamma rays, planting the seeds, selecting to obtain beneficial variant plants by adopting the female parent as the contrast, and carrying out qualification test, stability observation and regional testing to breed a novel variety of the tea tree. With the adoption of the radiation breeding and selecting method, variation with high frequency and rich type can be generated for the tea tree; through ground planting and selecting, the beneficial variation type can be obtained; and through the comparison qualification test on the aspects of yield, quality, resistance and adaptation, the novel variety of the tea tree with synchronous improvements on multiple important characters including high yield, high quality, high resistance, wide application and the like is realized.