The invention relates to an acid mist removing method and device in the charging process of a lead-acid storage battery. The acid mist removing device is arranged at the top of the lead-acid storage battery, and an acid mist removing pipeline connected with a negative-pressure wind chamber is inserted into the acid mist removing device. When the lead-acid storage battery is discharged, negative pressure is kept in the negative-pressure wind chamber, the acid mist removing pipeline and the acid mist removing device, and generated acid mist condenses and flows back into the lead-acid storage battery through the acid mist removing device and the acid mist removing pipeline. The acid mist generated in the charging process of the lead-acid storage battery can be effectively collected, the consistency of the quantity of electrolytes of the storage battery is improved, the homogeneity quality of products is improved, the treatment cost of the acid mist is reduced, and the emissions of chemical waste are reduced. The device adopted in the acid mist removing method in the charging process of the lead-acid storage battery is further provided.