The invention provides an electric power line current-carrying capacity monitoring and early warning system comprising multiple monitoring nodes which are arranged along an electric power line, a concentrator which is connected with all the monitoring nodes in a communication way, and a remote monitoring terminal which is connected with the concentrator in the communication way. Each monitoring node comprises a sensor module and a processing module which is connected with the sensor module. The processing module is connected with the concentrator in the communication way. Dynamic monitoring and calculation can be performed in real time according to the environmental factors of the electric power line, and accurate alarm can be timely performed according to the actual current-carrying capacity so that correct decision of distribution of power transmission line load is facilitated for work personnel, continuous and stable operation of the power transmission line can be effectively guaranteed and the accident of power outage can be avoided.