The invention discloses a method of improving earthquake quantitative prediction for a cavernous carbonate reservoir through low frequency compensation. The method includes the following steps: a, on the basis of logging and earthquake basic data, obtaining an optimum inversion wavelet through earthquake record synthesis and multi-well wavelet calibration; b, establishing a common low frequency model, employing a constant straight plate model for a carbonate rock target layer, carrying out hard constraint post-stack determinacy inversion, and obtaining a first inversion result; c, extracting low frequency components from the post-stack determinacy inversion result obtained in the previous step; d, taking the low frequency model in the above step as an input, and carrying out second post-stack statistics inversion; and e, the result providing a basis for subsequent well location disposition and reserves calculation. According to the method, the inversion result is more reasonable and closer to actual situations underground.