An insulator exchange device comprises an insulator unloading device, wherein the insulator unloading device is arranged transversely, one end of the insulator unloading device is connected with an upper end of an unloading main rod arranged vertically, and the insulator unloading device can move with the unloading main rod or rotate around the unloading main rod; and an adjustment sliding sleeve is sleeved on the unloading main rod, can vertically move along the unloading main rod and can be locked, the unloading main rod is connected with an insulator adjustment component through the adjustment sliding sleeve, the insulator adjustment component is used for adjusting the vertical movement of the adjustment sliding sleeve to drive the unloading main rod to generate displacement, so that the insulator unloading device connected with the unloading main rod also generates displacement, the exchange height and the exchange distance of an insulator which is required to be exchanged and hung on the insulator unloading device are also adjusted with the insulator unloading device, and the insulator is positioned to enter subsequent exchange job. By the insulator exchange device, the insulator positioning is very accurate, the exchange height and the exchange distance of the insulator can be adjusted, and the efficiency of subsequent insulator adjustment job is greatly improved.