The invention provides a cow feeding apparatus comprising a hopper, supporting seats, a railing and a blocking unit. The hopper is a hopper-shaped container with an open upper part, and is detachably arranged on the supporting seats. The two supporting seats are symmetrically arranged on the ground on the two sides of the hopper, are used for supporting the hopper, and are also used for weighing the hopper and the feed held in the hopper. The railing is arranged on one side of the hopper, and the middle part of the railing is provided with a feeding space through which the head of a cow can pass. The blocking unit is arranged between the hopper and the railing, is used for preventing the cow which does not meet the condition from eating, and allows the cow meeting the condition to eat. The cow feeding apparatus can communicate with a server according to the identity number of the cow so as to obtain the current eating state of the cow, so that the cow feeding apparatus can determine whether to open the blocking unit so as to allow the cow to eat, and demands of scientific and personal feeding can be met.