The invention relates to a big data management method based on a single-hard-disk multi-partition mode. The method sequentially includes the steps that 1, a hard disk connected with a fault recorder of an intelligent substation is divided into n partitions with a fixed capacity according to the capacity of the hard disk and needs, and the n partitions are numbered according to a certain numbering rule; 2, the minimum residual space value of each partition is set, wherein the minimum residual space value is larger than the sum of quantities of data needing to be collected every day; 3, received data are stored in the partitions, and when data are stored in the ith partition, the residual capacity of the (i+1)th partition is detected and corresponding processing is performed so as to guarantee enough partition space for data storage on the second day; 4, when needing to be stored, the received data are stored in a circulating mode according to the first partition-last partition-first partition rule. Through partition division, the data are read and written and wiped in different partitions, so that the reliability and security of data storage in the single hard disk are improved.