The invention discloses a self-climbing type material vertical transportation system. The self-climbing type material vertical transportation system comprises a climbing platform guide rail, a top climbing platform, a drive system and a material lifting platform, wherein the climbing platform guide rail is fixedly mounted on the inner wall of a vertical channel in a vertical direction; the top climbing platform is arranged on the climbing platform guide rail; the top climbing platform comprises a steel platform and a hydraulic climbing system which is used for jacking the steel platform; the drive system is mounted on the top climbing platform; the drive system comprises a winch and a steel wire rope; the material lifting platform is suspended below the top climbing platform by virtue of the steel wire rope of the drive system. The self-climbing type material vertical transportation system disclosed by the invention can enable a bulk material transportation route and a channel to be centralized, and gets rid of requirements of conventional vertical transportation equipment on a car dimension and a rail attachment distance.