The invention belongs to the carbon dioxide displacement technical field, and specifically relates to an experiment method changing injection and production well carbon dioxide driving status, and thus improving recovery ratio; the method comprises the following steps: testing a minimum miscible pressure of a simulation rock core; preparing a two dimensional plane physics model naked rock core; mounting the two dimensional plane physics model naked rock core in a clamp seal device; arranging one end of the clamp seal device to be a carbon dioxide injection end, and the other end is a crude oil production end; carrying out carbon dioxide displacement, and testing a carbon dioxide displacement of reservoir oil recovery ratio under different back pressures; the method and device can realize well spacing mode conversion, and can use injection and production well transcription to improve pressure distribution, thus improving the driving status; the method can evaluate influences on the crude oil recovery ratio by complete miscible displacement and well pattern changing, thus providing certain technical guidance for further improving recovery ratio in real mining site tests.