The invention discloses a high/low-temperature controllable multi-specification rolling bearing test bench, and belongs to the technical field of bearing test benches. The high/low-temperature controllable multi-specification rolling bearing test bench comprises a base, and a driving motor, a bearing test device, a heating and cooling device, and a detection device which are arranged on the base. The bearing test device comprises a bearing test box used to fix a test bearing and test the bearing. The bearing test box includes a left bearing test box and a right bearing test box, and a test spindle is arranged between the left bearing test box and the right bearing test box in a penetrating mode. One end of the test spindle extends out of the left bearing test box and is fixed to a motor spindle, and the other end of the test spindle extends out of the right bearing test box and is fixed to an axial loading device. A radial loading device is arranged on the test spindle. The commonality of the test bench is improved greatly. Experimental study on different bearings, different loads and different targets can be competed with one set of equipment. Great engineering reference value is provided for optimized design, dynamic characteristic analysis, failure mechanism research and reliability analysis of rolling bearings.