The invention discloses a quick measurement method of Zr, Ce, La, Pr, Nd, Ba, Mg and Al in an automobile catalyst, wherein the method comprises the steps of (1) sample dissolution: weighing 0.1 g of a uniformly-prepared catalyst sample (being not more than 150 meshes), placing the catalyst sample in a polytetrafluoroethylene digestion pot being 30 ml in volume, adding 12 ml of HCl, 3 ml of HNO3, 2 ml of H2O2 and 0.5 ml of HF and rotationally closing the cover, placing the digestion pot in a drying box at a constant temperature of 150 DEG C, dissolving the catalyst sample for 12 h, taking the digestion pot out and cooling the digestion pot to room temperature, opening the digestion pot and moving all the contents therein into a 200 ml beaker through distilled water, evaporating the liquid on an electric furnace until the volume is reduced to 20 ml, moving the liquid to a 100 ml volumetric flask through a 10% HCl solution, diluting the liquid to a constant volume and uniformly mixing the liquid; and (2) under selected instrument conditions, measuring the contents of Zr, Ce, La, Pr, Nd, Ba, Mg and Al through ICP-AES.