The invention relates to the field of communication, and more particularly to a rateless code transmission method suitable for a dying channel. A Semi-Markov Dying Erasure Channel model is established, wherein the model has random channel survival time and the channel quality shifts along with the Markov state. The rateless code transmission method suitable for the dying channel is provided. Due to analysis and optimization of heuristic degree distribution design and optimal codon length, the performances like recovery probability and throughput of a transmission policy in an incompletely reliable transmission scene are verified, so that the data can be transmitted effectively when the channel has the random 'dying' interruption scene. The information transmission and recovery capability of the rateless code in an extreme communication environment are improved, and the method can be applied to the communication system in scenes like sensor networks for land battles, disaster relief, geological exploration and so on.