The present invention discloses a Chinese mitten crab fattening feed which comprises the following components in percentages by weight: 25% of fish meal, 35% of soybean meal, 5% of cottonseed meal, 21% of corn starch, 1.4% fish oil, 2.4% of soybean oil, 0.5% of soybean lecithin, 0.5% of cholesterol, 3% of multi-vitamins, 2% of multi-minerals, 0.5% of choline chloride, 2% of adhesion agents and 1.7% of bran. The invention also discloses a compound Chinese mitten crab fattening feed which includes the above-mentioned Chinese mitten crab fattening feed and astaxanthin. Compared with the prior art, the fattening feed reduces the application amount of fish meal, the obtained Chinese mitten crabs fed by the fattening feed are high in weight gain, and steam-cooked Chinese mitten crabs are better in color and luster, redder in crab sperms, and higher in nutritional ingredients of edible parts.