The embodiment of the invention provides a method and device for predicting the physiological status of a pig. The method includes the steps that a plurality of accelerated speed data which are detected by an acceleration sensor arranged on the body surface of the pig every other first timing time are acquired, and a plurality of body surface temperatures which are detected by a temperature sensor arranged on the body surface of the pig every other second timing time are also acquired; the proportions of all behavior patterns of the pig in set time are determined according to the accelerated speed data acquired within the set time; the variation trend of the rectal temperatures of the pig in set time is determined according to the body surface temperatures acquired within the set time; the proportions of all the behavior patterns within the set time and the pig physiological status corresponding to the variation trend of the rectal temperatures are predicted in accordance with the relation among the proportions of the behavior patterns, the variation trend of the rectal temperatures and the pig physiological status. By the adoption of the method and device, the physiological status of the pig can be predicted easily, conveniently and automatically in a high-accuracy mode.