The invention discloses an air-cooling dry type air-core reactor structure. The air-cooling dry type air-core reactor structure comprises a reactor with a cooling passageway, a ventilation pipeline communicated with the cooling passageway, and an air supply device communicated with the ventilation pipeline. The ventilation pipeline comprises a horizontal section pipeline, an arc section pipeline and a vertical section pipeline which are sequentially communicated. A first air flow passageway and a second air flow passageway are formed in the end, away from the arc section pipeline, of the vertical section pipeline. The first air flow passageway and the second air flow passageway are connected with the reactor, and then the first air flow passageway and the second air flow passageway are communicated with the cooling passageway in a butt joint mode. Meanwhile, by mean of the optimization design of the structures of a protection piece and the ventilation pipeline, air entering the cooling passageway can be uniform, and therefore the cooling efficiency and the cooling uniformity of the whole cooling passageway are improved, safety of the reactor is protected, and the service life of the reactor is prolonged.