The present invention belongs to the technical field of agricultural machinery, and relates to a blade knife pre-cutting type banana stem shattering and returning machine. The machine is composed of a hitching device, a blade knife pre-cutting device, a shattering device and a marching device, wherein the shattering device is composed of a hobbing cutter device and a fixed cutter device. Power of a tractor is transmitted through a transmission device individually to the blade knife pre-cutting device and the hobbing cutter device of the shattering device, precutting and segmenting of banana stems are completed by the blade knife pre-cutting device, and then shattering of the banana stems is completed through a bisection action of the hobbing cutter device and the fixed cutter device of the shattering device. With adoption of rotary cutting of blade knives of the blade knife pre-cutting device and the bisection action of the hobbing cutter device and the fixed cutter device, shattering of the banana stems is realized, filament winding is reduced, the shattering efficiency is high, shattering and returning of the banana stems can be completed in a high-efficiency and low-energy-consumption manner, pollution to the environment by the waste banana stems is prevented, and the machine is applicable to banana stem shattering and returning in banana main producing areas.