The invention discloses a method for simultaneous detection of 13 benzene compounds and phthalic acid ester compounds in a water-borne adhesive. The method comprises the steps of oscillating to disperse samples by adopting ultrapure water, then extracting through cyclohexane and filtering to obtain a sample solution, and simultaneously detecting 13 compounds in the water-based adhesive for cigarettes in one-time sample feeding by utilizing a gas chromatograph-mass spectrometer. The chromatographic peak has good separation effect, and the result shows that the correlation coefficients of the regression equation of components all reach 0.997 or above, the quantitative detection limits of six benzene compounds are 0.04-0.07 microg/g, and the quantitative detection limits of seven phthalic acid ester compounds are 0.5-4.2 microg/g. The method has the advantages of accuracy, rapidness, high sensitivity, good repeatability, high recovery rate and the like, and conforms to the quantitative requirement.