The invention provides an underground cable three-dimensional scene construction method and an underground cable three-dimensional scene construction system based on an electric GIS platform. The underground cable three-dimensional scene construction method comprises the steps of: acquiring two-dimensional data and dimension data of a cable working well; acquiring basic framework three-dimensional coordinate data of the cable working well according to the two-dimensional data and the dimension data of the cable working well; acquiring three-dimensional coordinate data of each tube hole of an embedding unit according to dimension data and rectangular section coordinates of the embedding unit; converting the basic framework three-dimensional coordinate data of the cable working well and the three-dimensional coordinate data of each tube hole of the embedding unit into vector data; and constructing a three-dimensional scene of the cable working well according to the vector data. The underground cable three-dimensional scene construction method and the underground cable three-dimensional scene construction system achieves the rapid construction of the underground cable three-dimensional scene, significantly reduce modeling period and modeling cost of the three-dimensional data, and can realize the two-dimensional and three-dimensional integrated application.