The invention relates to the technical field of new materials, in particular to a method for enhancing the fire resistance and the thermal stability of PVC through functional oxidized graphene. According to the method, overflow of degradation products and poisonous gas and transmission of heat are inhibited in burning through a net-shaped carbon skeleton structure of the oxidized graphene, so that the fire resistance and the thermal stability of the PVC can be improved. For the defect that the property is influenced due to the fact that the oxidized graphene is poor in dispersibility in the PVC, the oxidized graphene is modified with 3-aminopropyltriethoxysilane; through amidation between amino end groups and carboxyl groups on the oxidized graphene, a SiO2 layer is successfully anchored on the surface of the oxidized graphene; finally, through ultrasonic dispersing, mixing, falling film casting and the like, GO is composited with the PVC.