The invention discloses vertical tapered peanut picking rollers. The rollers are characterized in that the peanut picking paired rollers are arranged below a seedling clamping plate, peanut seedlings vertically clamped in the seedling clamping plate are guided into places between the peanut picking paired rollers when the seedling clamping plate moves, then peanuts are picked. The structure of the peanut picking paired rollers is that a front end support and a tail portion support are respectively suspended at the front end and the tail portion of the seedling clamping plate; an installation seat located below the seedling clamping plate is fixedly arranged between the front end support and the tail portion support; the vertical peanut picking rollers are arranged on the installation seat at intervals; each vertical peanut picking roller is a tapered roller whose roller shaft is vertically supported on the installation seat, wherein the bottom of the cone is downwardly arranged and the vertex of the cone is upwardly arranged; the adjacent vertical peanut picking rollers rotate towards each other so as to form the peanut picking paired rollers; the roller shafts and the shaft ends at the bottom of the roller shafts are driven by drive pulleys. By employing the vertical tapered peanut picking rollers, the peanut picking efficiency can be effectively improved, the complete picking rate can be increased, and the pod damage rate can be reduced.