The invention relates to a golf ball identification, location, tracking and information communication system based on an unmanned plane. The system comprises the unmanned plane, a golf ball module, an unmanned plane ground station and a hand-held set; the unmanned plane comprises an unmanned plane body, a camera and a golf radar which are arranged on the plane body, a flying control unit and a real-time communication unit; the unmanned plane is connected with the unmanned plane ground station through the real-time communication unit and connected with the golf ball module through the golf radar; the golf ball module comprises a ball body and an antenna unit; the golf hand-held set is connected with the unmanned plane ground station through a wireless network. According to the golf ball identification, location, tracking and information communication system, the unmanned plane can be used for identifying, locating, tracking and searching for a golf ball and conducting aerial photography on the flight path of the golf ball, the functions that aerial photography and cruise are conducted on a golf course through the unmanned plane are further achieved so that golf competitors or sporters can grasp three-dimensional information of golf ball tracks, environmental information such as the ball track wind direction is provided as well, and an electronic map of the golf course and ball tracks is further finalized or amended.