The invention discloses a GIS partial discharge charged detection test device based on defect simulation, comprising a no-partial-discharge test transformer, a no-partial-discharge detection impedor, GIS defect simulation equipment, and a charged partial discharge detector. The no-partial-discharge test transformer is connected with defective components pre-arranged in the GIS defect simulation equipment through the no-partial-discharge detection impedor. A built-in broadband ultrahigh-frequency sensor is arranged inside the GIS defect simulation equipment, an external broadband ultrahigh-frequency sensor is arranged outside the GIS defect simulation equipment, and the built-in broadband ultrahigh-frequency sensor and the external broadband ultrahigh-frequency sensor are connected with the input end of the charged partial discharge detector. The device of the invention can be applicable to GIS partial discharge charged detection test under all kinds of defect simulation, can be used for simulating various defects truly and conducting charged detection test of local discharge signals for the defects, and has the advantages of simple structure principle, low cost and high reliability of test results.