The invention provides an electric energy meter missort detection device and method. After a signal with a preset specific waveform, which is generated by a signal generator, is sent to a power transmission line of a user to be measured, a signal receiver carries out current sampling on the power transmission line of an electric energy meter to be measured, whether the obtained sampling current signal contains the signal with the preset specific waveform is verified, and then, whether the electric energy meter to be measured is corresponding to the user to be measured can be accurately known based on the verification result. According to the invention, missort checking and user-meter relation verification can be rapidly and accurately performed without a power cut, the accuracy and reliability of electricity metering of the user are ensured, the influence on the normal electricity consumption of the user is also avoided, mutual cooperation among users is not needed, and the working efficiency is substantially improved.