The invention discloses a single-stage photovoltaic grid-connected control system capable of improving frequency dynamic response. The system comprises a photovoltaic array, an energy storage system, a grid-connected inverter, a converter control system and an inverter control system; the photovoltaic array and the energy storage system are connected in parallel and pass through a direct current measuring element, the grid-connected inverter and an alternating current measuring element in sequence to be accessed to an alternating current power grid; an input end of the converter control system is connected with an output end of the direct current measuring element, and an output end is connected with an input end of a DC/DC converter; and an input end of the inverter control system is connected with an output end of the alternating current measuring element, and an output end is connected with an input end of the grid-connected inverter. The single-stage photovoltaic grid-connected control system capable of improving frequency dynamic response can effectively reduce cost and simplify control, necessary inertia is provided when the system is disturbed, transient response of system frequency is improved, and frequency quality is improved.