The invention discloses a paper diaper capable of rapidly absorbing liquid and keeping dry. The paper diaper comprises a diaper main body, an elastic front waistline and an elastic rear waistline, wherein an absorbent core is longitudinally arranged in the middle of the diaper main body, and the absorbent core is manufactured by compression molding; a plurality of diversion bumps are distributed on the absorbent core; a long diversion slot is longitudinally pressed in the center of the absorbent core; the absorbent core is composed of a surface non-woven fabric layer, a diversion layer, a first high molecular water absorbent layer, a wood pulp layer, a second high molecular water absorbent layer and an anti-leakage bottom film, and the weight ratio of the first high molecular water absorbent layer to the second high molecular water absorbent layer is (3.5-4.5) to 1; the elastic front waistline is arranged at the longitudinal front end of the diaper main body; and the elastic rear waistline is arranged at the longitudinal rear end of the diaper main body. The paper diaper capable of rapidly absorbing liquid and keeping dry disclosed by the invention is reasonable in structure, high in liquid absorption speed and relatively good in thermal-wet comfort property, and the paper diaper is capable of greatly reducing a contact area between the core of the paper diaper and baby's skin and is capable of enhancing comfort thereof.