The invention discloses a Reed-Solomon (RS) encoding-based radio broadcast transmission optimization method. According to the method, in a MANET-based mobile streaming media system, the Reed-Solomon coding is adopted and the recovery is realized based on the Reed-Solomon coding by utilizing redundant data blocks. In this way, the radio broadcast transmission is optimized. Firstly, original data blocks are divided according to block sizes. After that, the original data blocks are encoded and the encoded data blocks are transmitted to the outside in the broadcast manner. The encoded data blocks are received by data solicited nodes, broadcast monitoring nodes and intermediate forwarding nodes and then are decoded. In this way, reduced original data blocks can be obtained. The above method is simple in calculation, and strong in universality and expansibility. Meanwhile, both the encoding algorithm and the decoding algorithm are in the form of the exclusive-or operation, so that only a little encoding/decoding time is consumed. Therefore, the success rate of the radio broadcast transmission is greatly improved, and the method can be applied to any data recovery scenario.