The invention relates to a box-type DNA sequencer with a fastening reaction bin. The box-type DNA sequencer comprises a reaction record subsystem, a reagent supply system, a control system and a sequencer box bearing the systems, the reaction bin comprises a turnable reaction bin component which comprises a turnable bin body, a reaction chip component is mounted on the inner side in the middle of the turnable bin body and comprises a reaction chip mounting seat, a reaction bin base component and a light-shading positioning component which locks and unlocks the reaction bin base component and the reaction chip mounting seat, and a reaction chip is mounted in the middle of the reaction chip mounting seat. The box-type DNA sequencer comprises the reaction bin component which can be oppositely turned for fastening, and the reaction bin component comprises the reaction chip mounting seat and the reaction bin base component which rotate oppositely. The reaction chip can be replaced by only rotating the turnable reaction chip mounting seat by a certain angle, so that convenience and reliability are realized.